課程大綱內容:

This course seeks to understand and create information technology and intelligence from the fundamental building blocks of physical media. We start from information theory to deduce Q.M. except for 鮑立不相容原理. We could then comprehend the contents of Q.M. from the theory. We plan to introduce the following subjects in the class. 1. Quantum mechanics and computers QubitsSchrodinger`s equation Superposition Quantum leap Unitary evolution Benioff`s quantum computer Feynman`s quantum computer Deutcsh`s quantum computer 2. Simulating a simple quantum computer Computing the Hamitonian operator Computing the unitary evolution operator Determining the size of the memory register Running the quantum computer for a fixed length of time Running the quantum computer until the computation is done 3. The effects of imperfections Imperfections in evolution Imperfections in measurement Imperfections in preparation 4. Breaking unbreakable codes Code-breaking on a classical computer Code -breaking on a quantum computer Shor`s algorithm for factoring on a quantum computer 5. True randomness Does randomness exist in nature Randomness and quantum computer Simulation of a quantum computer generating a true random number 6. Quantum cryptography Quantum cryptography using polarized photons Simulation of quantum cryptography in the presence of eavesdropping The working prototype 7. Quantum teleportation Entanglement Physics behind teleportation Bell`s theorem Teleportation circuit for a quantum computer Simulation of quantum teleportation 8. Quantum error correction Decoherence and dissipation Quantum error-correcting codes Quantum circuit for correcting a phase shift and/or bit flip error 9. How to make a quantum computer NMR-based Cavity QED-based Ion Trap-based Heteropolymer-based Supplementary Lecture Notes &Textbook: Explorations in Quantum Computing, by Colin P. Williams; Scott H. Clearwater, Springer, TELOS, 1997 Quantum computation and quantum information, Michael A. Nielsen and Isaac Chuang, Useful links: http://www.theory.caltech.edu/people/preskill/ph229/#lecture http://www.media.mit.edu/quanta/mas865/index.php http://www.msri.org/publications/ln/msri/2000/qcomputing/chuang/1/ http://squint.org/qci/