Structures

Structured Definition

struct EntryType
{
    string   firstName;
    string   lastName;
    int      areaCode;      // Range 100..999
    string   phoneNumber;
};

Structure Access

        EntryType entry;
        cout << entry.firstName << entry.lastName << endl;

Structures Initialization

    EntryType entryDefault;
    entryDefault.firstName = "San";
    entryDefault.lastName = "Chang";
    entryDefault.areaCode = 02;
    entryDefault.phoneNumber = "123-4567";

Aggregate Operations

Operation	array	struct
I/O	No (except string)	No
Assignement	No	Yes
Arithmetic	No	No
Comparison	No	No
Parameter passing	By reference only	By value or reference
Return as a function's return value	No	Yes

Complex Structures

Array of Structs

        EntryType addressBook[150];
        for (i=0; i<150; i++)
                addressBook[i] = entryDefault;

Struct of Structs
struct DateType
{
    int      month;         // Range 1..12
    int      day;           // Range 1..31
    int      year;          // Range 1900..2100
};

struct EntryType
{
    string   firstName;
    string   lastName;
    int      areaCode;
    string   phoneNumber;
    DateType date;
};

    DateType Today;
    date.month = 11;
    date.day = 28;
    date.year = 1996;

    EntryType entryNew;
    entryNew.firstName = "San";
    entryNew.lastName = "Chang";
    entryNew.areaCode = 02;
    entryNew.phoneNumber = "123-4567";
    entryNew.date = Today;