member funtion      manipulator         description

width(int w)        setw(int w)         sets width to w, pads with fill
                                        spaces as necessary (will not trun-
                                        cate to fit in width), affects only
                                        next value output

setf(long int f)    setiosflags(long int f) sets flags according to argument,
                                        for a summary of flags see Ta-
                                        ble 8.5

precision(int p)    setprecision(int p) sets precision of output top

fill(char c)        setfill(char c)     sets fill character toc, the default
                                        fill is a space, used when padding
                                        needed with width

Table 8.4: Stream Formatting Functions


flag            purpose/use

ios::fixed      force floating point numbers to have set number of digits
                as specified by precision
ios::scientfic  force output of floating point numbers in scientific nota-
                tion, e.g.,6.023e23 for 6.023x10**23
ios::showpoint  force decimal point in output, e.g., the number 7 will be
                printed as 7.0 or as 7.000000 (with number of 0's as spec-
                ified by precision)
ios::left       prints numbers left justified, padding as specified by fill
ios::right      prints numbers right justified, padding as specified by fill

Table 8.5: Stream Flags