Templates

Function Templates

• Using template functions

Class Templates

• class template stack
• testing program

STL : Standard Template Library

Components

• algorithm: defines a computational procedure.
• container: manages a set of memory locations.
• iterator: provides a means for an algorithm to traverse through a container.
• function object: encapsulates a function in an object for use by other components.
• adaptor: adapts a component to provide a different interface.

Container Classes

• Sequence Containers
  • vector: rapid insertions and deletions at back, direct access to any element
  • deque: rapid insertions and deletions at front or back, direct access to any element
  • list: doubly-linked list, rapid insertion and deletion anywhere
• Associative Containers
  • multiset: rapid lookup, duplicates allowed
  • set: rapid lookup, no duplicates allowed
  • multimap: one-to-many mapping, duplicates allowed, rapid key-based lookup
  • map: one-to-one mapping, no duplicates allowed, rapid key-based lookup
• Container Adapters
  • stack: last in first out (LIFO)
  • queue: first in first out (FIFO)
  • priority_queue: highest priority element is always the first element out

Algorithms

• Mutating sequence algorithms -- algorithms that result in modification of the containers
• Nonmutating sequence algorithms -- algorithms that do not result in modification of the containers
• Numerical algorithms
• Sorting Algoritms

Examples

1. fill, fill_n, generate, generate_n
2. replace, replace_if, replace_copy, replace_copy_if
3. equal, mismatch, lexicographical_compare
4. remove, remove_if, remove_copy, remove_copy_if
5. Mathematical Algorithms : random_shuffle, count, count_if, min_element, max_element, accumulate, for_each, transform
6. Basic Searching and Sorting Algorithms : find, find_if, sort, binary_search
7. copy_backward, merge, unique, reverse
8. inplace_merge, unique_copy, reverse_copy
9. Set operations : includes, set_union, set_intersection, set_difference, set_symmetric_difference
10. lower_bound, upper_bound, equal_range

Function Object

References

• SGI STL Programmer's Guide
• STL Programmer's Guide
• STL tutorial
• STL on-line Reference
• STL(musser-saini)

Other Links

• STL links
• Sebern's STL links
• STL Resource List
• Programming Pages